To help you out with the technical interview questions, we will be posting common technical interview questions asked on .NET.

1. Explain about the .NET framework.
   The Microsoft .NET Framework is a platform for building, deploying, and running Web Services and applications.The .NET framework consists of two major components-the Common Language Runtime(CLR) and the .NET framework class libraries.CLR manages the code at execution time while the class library consists of reusable types that can be used for developing different applications.
2. What is CLR?
   CLR is the core runtime engine in the .NET framework for executing applications and is known as the execution engine of .NET.It is responsible for cross language integration,security,memory management and other services.
3. Explain how a program in .NET is compiled and executed?
   On compiling the .NET program,the code is converted to MSIL(Microsoft Intermediate Language),which is actually a file consisting of specific set of instructions that are platform and language independent.The CLR then translates the intermediate code into executable code when the program is executed.This conversion is done by the Just in Time(JIT) compiler. This way the .NET programs enjoy portability benefits.
4. What is the difference between web.config and machine.config?
   Web.config is the configuration file for the single application for which it is defined..I is written in xml and contains database connections,session statuses and security.IT does not mean you can have only one web.config for an application. You can have a web.config file for each sub directory in your application if you want to have different settings.The main directory however should have a web.config file which is the file which contains the settings for the entire application.
   Machine.Config is the configuration file for all the applications in the system.It is located in Microsoft.NETFrameworkv1.1.4322CONFIG Folder.
5. What is the difference between dll and exe?
   Exe is an executable program.
   DLL is a file that can be loaded and executed by programs dynamically.Hence DLL can be used in many programs and can be used just by referring to the DLL file.This results in great reduction of the amount of space required.
   Exe has a main function while DLL does not have a main function.
   DLL is an in process component,exe is a out process component.
6. Explain about the IIS.
   IIS is a set of internet based services to be used with Windows. It is a web server which includes FTP,FTPS,HTTP/HTTPS.SMTP etc.
7. Can you name the namespace to which a webpage belongs?
   System.Web.UI.Page.This is the base class from which all ASP.NET webpages are derived from.
8. What are the different phases in the life ycle of a ASP.NET webpage?
   • Page_Init
   • LoadViewState
   • LostPostData
   • Page_Load
   • RaisePostDataChangedEvent
   • RaisePostBackEvent
   • SaveViewState
   • Page_Render
   • Page_Unload
9. What is a ViewState?
   The ViewState indicates the status of the web page when submitted to the server.This state
   is maintained through a hidden field on each page.This is one of the main differences
   between classic ASP and ASP.NET.Classic ASP did not maintain its viewstate and hence once a form was submitted to the server all values will be cleared.But in ASP.NET the form reappears in the browser together with all the form values as ASP.NET maintains your viewstate.
10. What are the different types of authentication in .NET?
    .NET supports three modes of authentication-Windows authentication,Forms authentication and Passport authentication.You can change authentication in the web.config file.The default authentication mode is windows authentication.In Forms authentication is provided by the code written by the developer and the credentials are matched against the database.Passport authentication relies on centralized service provided by Microsoft.It identifies a user using his email address and password and a single Passport account is provided to him.This can be used for any number of websites.There is also a fourth category of authentication mode where no authentication is specified.

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